Rotary engine.



PATENTED MAY 2l, 1907.

J. E. FRIEND.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN.24,1907.

7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

PATENTBD MAY 2l, 1907.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLIGATON .FILED JAN/A1907.

PATENTED MAY 21, 1907.

J. E. FRIEND.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN.24,1907

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

PATENTE MAY 2l, w07

J, FREND.

ROTARY ENGINE.

'L'ION TILBD IAN, 2l., 1907.

PATENTED MAY 21, 1907 J. E. FRIEND. ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JANl 24. 190'?.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5 rvr/cn (0@ I N0. 854,574. PATENTED MAY 2l, 1907. J. E. FRIEND.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN.24,1907.

Hall.

'HQ' (la 5.

PATENTED MAY 2l, 1907.

J. E. FRIEND. ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLICATION HLBD JAN. 24. 1907.

v SHEETS-SHEET 7.

Inval/Jar slotted quadrant. ,Arockingvalve-isrnountedl e i t. mm

JOHN EDWAR Specification of Letters Patent.

ratented 'Va-y 21, 1907.

Application tiled January 24,1907, SeriaiNo. 353,812.

To iti/Z whom it may conc-ern.-

y Be it knownthat l, JonN EDWARD Fureur), a subject of the King oi' Great Brit-ain, residing at Albion street7 Annandale, in the State of New South lVales, in 'the Connnonwealth of Australia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Engines, of Which the following is a specilication.

The invention relates to the class of rotary engines wherein a piston or pistons connected directlyy to a rnain shaft are rotated within an. annular chamber hy steam pressure.

A motor embodying my improvements comprises a circular casing having one end in tcgrally formed and 'its opposite end closed by a cover. integral with the end of the easing and the cover are provided for a main shaft which is iur ther supporte d hy bearin gs si ippor ted upon brackets upon the enteriors olf the casing and cover. These hearings are adjustable in all directions hy set screws and lo that the shaft may he inaint ed truly axial with the casing. Corresponding circular walls integral with the end oi' the-casing and with -the cover project toward each other within the casing, a sp aceheing provided between the ends oic said walls which is occupied by disk fixed to the niain shaft. An annular chainber or cavity is thus forced between the walls and the casing.

, the pin of the fork of the eccentric rod is slidable upoirthc slotted quadrant, and is provided with a spring catch adapted to `engage teeth formed upon each end of the said quadrant. reversing handle' to one end or other of the yjupon a shzttt Within the steam chest referred to and has a rounded top made steani tight with the top of the stearn chest by means ot a packing bar. The ends of the rocking valve X. nut: in orderI A piston fitting and rota'tai hie within the annular chainheris formed nitcgrally upon the disk, and special means The engine is reversed by moving the steam chest. When the piston during its rotation has passed the top o'lr the casing the valve is immediately rocked across the chainhcr so that one of its edges'hears upon the top or the Wall referred to, steam passing into the annula chamber between it and the piston until it is cut oil' lijf the. valve referred to. Exhaust steam upon the other side of the rocking valve ese-apes through the valve and passing round the casing issues through an exhaust pipe at the bottoni. thereof. The rocking valve is operated by means' oit' a cam provided with grooves adapted Yto receive Y rolle mounted upon the end ot a lever pivinwardlyT projecting hearings oted upon a bracket secured to the end of the casing. v The upper end of this lever 1s slotted to receive a roller mounted upon a are likewise made steam tight with the` crank pin'ol a crank secured to the shaft of the rocking valveh rlhe revolutionof the cani oscillates the lever as requiredto rotate the piston in either direction.

My invention will he loetter understood by reference to the drawings which fornrpart ot this specification 'Wherein:-

Figure 1 is a rear perspective elevation. Fig. 2 a front perspective elevation, and Fig 3 a central cross sectional elevation. Fig. on plane a-a. oi Figs. l and 2 and line 11-7-7) ol' l? 3. Fig. .5 is a sectional plan of the. steam chest on line 'c-c of Fig. 3. Fig. 61a perepmctive elevation7 and l? ig. across section ci' the niain valve. Fig. Si a perspective elevation, and Fig. 9 plan partly' in section ot the rocking valve. F ig. 10a plan ol' part of the wall Within the casing showing contact pieces. Ll-cl, Fig. l0. Fig. 1'2 an elevation of the :ani and osc'llating lever 'for operating the roclringvarve. Fig. 13 an elevation ol' the eccentric rod .and quadrantfor operating the main valve. Fig. le a perspective elevation ol1 the disk and piston. Fig. l5' a section of the piston on plane cZ-d of Fig.l la. F ig. 16 a section of the piston on plane c--c oli-Fig. 14. Fig. 1,7 an elevation of the piston with cover plate removed, linefliig l5. Fg. 18 a section of the pistonon line g--g of Fig. 16. Fig. 1'9 a section of the piston on line L--h ol Fig. 16. Fig. 20 a perspective elevation oda pair of packing bars, and Fig. 2l a perspective elevation of a modified forni thereof.

The circular casing 22 has an integral 'end l, and-has its other end closed by a cover 9 Fig. ll a sectional(elevation on line IDO which lit loosely over pins. 65 and 66 respecsecured to the casing by studs 3 and nuts 4. Bearings 5 and 6 integral with the end 1 and cover 2 respectively are provided with bushes 7 and 8 through which a main'shaft 23 passes. Bearings 29 and 30 supported upon brackets 9 and ldntegral with the end 1 and coverjZ respectively are adjustable vertically by means of set screws 11 and 12, and laterally by set screws 13 and 14. The shaft is thus capable of adjustment so as to be truly axial within the casing 22.

Corresponding circular walls 15 and 16 respectively integral with the end 1 oi the casing and cover 2 project toward each t' and are rovided around their riin steam pac ring rings 28 and 17. Y

A disk 24 having a boss 18 is secured upon the main shaft23, a`iid lits accurately' between the rims of the walls 15 and 16, a steam tight joint being made between these parts by the packing rings 17 and 28. An annular chainer 26 is thus provided between the circuler walls 15 and 16 and the casing 22.

A piston consisting of a head 25 integral with the disk 24 and of a'covering plate 5S secured to the head 25 by bolts 19 and nuts 2() has-a width and height equal to the chamber 26. The )iston is madesteani ight within the annular'chamber by means of L. shaped packing bars 54 and 55 which have a rectangular cross sectiomand when arranged iii lpairs fit the rectangular shape of the chamber. The meeting ends of 'the bars 54 and 55 may be chanifered as shown at 21 and 60 in Fi". 20, or the said ends may be formed to meet as shown at 61 and 62 in Fig. 2 l. These packing bars are operated upon by springs 56 whereby'they are made to bear against the top andv bottom of the 'annular chamber, and by end springs 57 whereby they are m'ade `to bear againstthe end 1 and the cover 2 of' thecasing. -T he upper part 54 of each packing bar is provided with slotted holes 63 and 64 tively screwed into the head 25 see Figs. 17', 18, 20 and 21). This arrangement erinits movement of the packing bars while t Aey are prevented from moving outwardly suhciently to catch in the edges of.. the steam chest hereinafter described.

A steam chest 33 integralwith the to of the casing and communicating therewit is lprovided with a rocking valve 31 -secured upon a shaft 32 mounted in a closed end bearing 67 and stuffing box 68.' The ends oi this rocking valve are made as nearly as possible steam tight with the ends of' the steam chest by means of packing strips 69 and 7 0 which are provided with springs 71 and 7 2. The said` strips may be kept in contact with the ends of the steam chest by means of steam admitted throughholcs 73 and 74 to recesses 75 and 76 in the back of the valve behind the said packing strips as shown h dotted lines in Fig. 9. The top of the va.ve is circular.

essere and concentric w'ith the-axle 32 and -a steam' tight joint is made between the said top and.

'a projection from the top of the steam chest by means of apacking strip 34 and spring 77 let into a recess formed in the bottom of said 7-o projection;

Referring now more particularly vto Figs. 1 4, 8, 9 and 12 the rocking valve 3 1 is operated by means of a cam 37 provided with j grooves 7S and 79 and secured upon the main shaft 23. mutilated circles and receive friction rollers The grooves 78 and 79 Aconsist of 'l 39 .pivoted upon the plainl ends of set pins S0 and 31 screwedinto theaw 82 of an oscillating lever 35 which is pivoted upon a pin 36 projecting from a bracket 83 upon the end 1 of the casing; The upper end of the lever 35 has a slot 84 adapted to receive a roller 85.'

revolubly mounted upon the pin 86 of' a crank-38 secured. vto the shaft 32.

Referring now more particular] to Figs. 1 to 7 and 13 the main valve-43 ts a cylinl drical valve chest 41 and has steam ports 87 and 38 and an exhaust port-39, vThis valve is secured upon -a shatt 44 niou'ntedk in a closed end hearing 9() and stuiling box 91 of the valve chest to which steam is admitted through a steam pipe 42. The valve 43 is partially rotated by an eccentric 46 securedl to the main shaft 23 and having an eccentric rod 47 with a forked end 92 embra ing' the^ t uadrant 45'Which is secured upon t end of t e shaft 44. A pin' 93 passes throughthe forked end and through a slot 94 formed the quadrant. 'lhe 'motor is reversed. by means of a handle 95 having a slotted head 96 fitting -upon the quadrant and through which the pin 93 passes. rlhe head 96 is slidable upon the quadrant but retained at either end thereof by means of a spring operated catch 97 which is retained" in one or other of the notches 48 the pointof out ofi of the steam being thereby regulatable. '.lhe

catch 97 isreleased' from the' teeth 4S by' ineansof a'lever 98 pivoted lupon a pin-99 and assing through a slot in the catch. The han( le 95 is bored to receive the u per part of the catch 97 which haa a reduceiPpaizt 100 upon which is located a spring 1011,. The spring is retained within the ianille bynieaiis of a screw plug 102. the valve 43 either to the ports 49 or 56, ac-

Steaniiis admitted byl IOO IOS

cording to the direction in whichiit is de- I sired that the piston shall .rotate the said ports leading from"thevalvechest 41 to the steam chest vTjhe exhaust steam passes either through the ports 49' or .tlfaiidfis di rected bythe valve 43 nito theexhaustvport'l 51 whence lit passes through tlicspace 1*()3 around the casing (which f oriiis a. :steam jacket) and .issues-through the exhaust pipe 52 at .the bottoino'f the vcasi-ng.

Referring now todhg. 3. immediately the is ;ton, when-moving in the direction shown f the arrow' has assed the rockinUr valve i is ,-56 chamber 26 back to the valve cliaiizbei' 4l,

2.1, the'i'ocking valve is oscillated to the posij tion shown by dotted lines, so that one el its i edges rests upon the contact bar e() which extends across the Walls and 16. Steam is then admitted through the ports 49 to the steam chest 33, and the istonis thereby 'imelled in the direction s own by the arrow. he exhaust steani passesat the back of the rocking valvelthrough the po` 50 into the space 103 and through the exhaust pipe 52. i

Oil isy introduced into the interior of the' casing` by removing the screw pings 104-and 105.; The disk may revolve in an oil bath,

' and the parts of the engine thus be efiectually lubricated. l I Throughout this specification'the engine `revolution and for the exhaust thereof at the pro er periods; for this purpose the grooves 1n t e. cam operating the rockingr valve are Amade to o erate the valve three times during eachI revo ution of the inain shaft, and the chamber, a jacket inclosinpr the piston chan'.-

ber'to forni. an intervening space between f the fr., a valve chamber, an inlet for thc valve i n a eccentric for operatingr the main steam valve is-replaced by a canil which will operate said valve three times during,r each revolution.

Fig. 12 shows the rocking valve in three different ositions by dotted lines;

The ca cries of the motive agent actuating the piston 25 can be eniployed to heat the piston chamber and inaintain the operating and' stationary parts at a substantially uniform teniperatire, by vtsin T an engine casing in which the piston chain )er is surrounded by a heat chamber 103, 'formed between itself andthe o"V ter part 22 'of the engine caswith a valve chanbcr el, provided 'with 0' ano inlet 42 and opztlets 49 and 50, leading to vthe i pper part of the piston' chanlber 26, and

an outlet 5.1, iron'. the valve chamber 4l, intothe lieatcharber 103 with a valve controlling the inlets and outlets of the valvechanber 4l, whereby the motive. agent can be directed troni the valve chamber 1li, into the piston chan'iber 26, and hon. the piston and throzfgh the o,.tlet 51into the heat chamber 103 to the exha st o-tlet 52.

W'hat l claioi as any invention is :-m 1. A rotary engine co nprising a piston chamber, outlets vfrein the valve chamber to .the piston'chainber, and an inlet troni. the

valve chamber to the space between the pistonchaniber and jacket, a valve inthe valve chamber .controllingI said inlet and outlets, and anexhadst oitlct for the space between the jacket and piston chamber.

4 2. A rotaryiengine.comprising a piston chan'iber, a jacket inclosing the piston chamber to forni an .intervcning` space between them., a valve chamber, an inlet ior'the valve chamber, outlets from the valve chamber to the piston chainber, and an outlet from. the

.lon chanibei' and jacket, a valve in the valve -clianiber controlling said inlet and ottlets, an exha'jst outlet for thespace between the acket and piston chamber, a piston disk centrally contained within the piston chamber, a piston carried by the piston disk, and a j valve chamber to the space between the pis:-

j rocking valve contained within the piston ch a nb er.

f3. A rotary engine comprising a piston .aniber, a jacket inclosing'the piston chainber to forni an 'intervening space between them, a valve chaniber, an inlet for the valve' the piston chamber, an inlet from the valve chair-.ber to the space between the piston chaniber and jacket,'va valve in the valve chaniber controlling said inlet and octlets, an exhaist olitlet lforthespace between the jacket and piston chamber, and inwardly projecting ann'X lar walls for thosides of the piston chaniber concentric with the cenier thereof, and liaviit'gV an ",:noccnpied space bctween. them.

et. A rotary engine coaiprising` a piston chamber, a jacket inclosing the piston chanj chamber, outlets hosi the valve chaznber to cliajfnber to the space between the piston chamber and jacket, a valve in the valve chamber controlling `said inlet and o1'. tleis, an exha -st ol-tlet foithe space between the jacket and piston chamber, inwardly projecting anin lar walls for the sides of the piston chamber (.onccntric with the center thereol, having an i nocc. pied space betnf'ccn then, a shaft extending centrally thro gli the piston vcha liber, a piston disk within the -nocc pied space between the ann, lar walls revoltble with said shaft, a piston carried by the piston disk and engaging the ri s of said walls, and thcinner face of the piston chanbei'.

5. A rotary engine c -iprisiiig a piston chamber, a jacket inc-losing` the piston chiunber tofi'oi'mv an intervening space between theni., a valve chainber, an inlet tor the valve chamber, outlets fron the valve cha-aber to the piston chamber, an inlet fro-.si the valve j chainber to the space between the piston j chaniber and jacket, a valve in the valve chainber controlling said inlet and cadets.

bei to forni an intervening space between thcin, a valve chamber, an inlet for the valve chamber, outlets from the Valve chaniber to tlie piston chadfber, an inlet 'fro-xiL the valvelIO an exhaust o'etlet for thespacc between the jacket and piston clialnber, inwardly projectj ing ami-lar Walls for the sides of the piston chamber concentric with' the center thereof, having anunocc'ytipied space between theni,

.a Shaft extending centrally through.' the pistonchamber, a piston disk within the unoccupied space between the annular walls revo,-

. luble with said shaft, a piston carried by the piston disk engaging the` rims of said Walls and the inner face of the piston chamber, and a rocking valve within the piston chain? Iber to engage with the rims of said annular walls.

G. lA rotary engine comprising a piston chamber, a jacket inclosing the piston chainbei to forni an intervening. space between i them, a valve chamber, an inlet for the valve chamber, outlets fro-In the valve chainber to the piston chamber, an inlet from the valve chamber to the space between the piston Ichamber and jacket, a 4valve in the valve thereof, having an unoccupiedl space between them, a shaft extending centrally throu h 'the piston disk engaging t the piston chamber, a piston disk within t ev unoccu ieds ace betweenthe annular walls. revolub e Wit said shaft, a iston carried by fie rims of said walls and the inner faces of the piston chamber a rocking valve, a rounded hub for the roc ing valve, and mean-s in the piston chambei' engaging with said hub, v7. In a motor of the type indicated the Valve operating mechanism comprising in combination a inain shaft a cam secured thereto a pivoted lever, a 'slotted-eye in the upper end of the lever, a rocking valve, a shaft to which the rocking valve is secured, a crank upon the end of the' valve shaft and a roller revoluble upon the pin of the crank and fitting the slotted eye of the lever, substantially as set forth. f

8. In a motor of the ,type indicated the operating valve with operating means comprising a circular valve chest, a valve fitting therein and having steam and exhaust ports a shaft to which the valve is secured, a main -shaft an eccentric secured upon said'inain f shaft an eccentric rod and a quadrant secured to the valve shaft, and to which the eccentric rod is pivoted, substantially as set forth.

9. In a motor of the type indicatedthe main operating valve and means for operat-v ing saine and reversing the motor comprising al circular valve chest, a valve fitting the valve chest, a shaft to which the valve issecurcd, a nniir'i shaft, an eccentric secured to the main shaft, an eccentric rod, a slotted. quadrant secured to the valve shaft, a jaw upon the end ofthe eccentric rod, a pin passing through the jaw and through the slot of thel quadrant, notches upon euch end of the quadra-nt, a handle having a .slotted headtially as set forth.

essere ed axially within the casing, a disk secured to the shaft and lling a space left between the rims ofthe walls, a piston integral withthe disk and rotating within the annular chamr ber between the walls and the casing a rocking valve havingits lower surface shaped to form an arc of a circle, a rounded top to the valve, with means for making it steam tight, a shaft to which the rocking vaive is secured, a cam secured to the main shaft, a pivoted lever operated by the cam, a slotted eye upon 'theup er end of the lever, amainsteam valve c est, a valve therein4 controlling ad-v mission and exhaustof'steain, a shaft uponv which said valve is secured, an eccentric secured to the main shaft, an eccentric rod and a quadrant secured to the valve shaft and to whichthe'eiic'entric rod is pivoted, substaib tially as set forth.

` 11. A rotary motorA comprising in combination, a casing, corresponding` walls integral with the ends ofthe casing and projecting to- Ward .each other therein, a inain shaft mounted axially within the casing, a disk secured to the shaft and filling a space left between the rims of the-walls, a pistonfintegral with the disk'andfrotat'iiig within the annular chamber between the wal-isand the casiiiv, a rocking valve having its lower surface srhaped lo 'form an are of a circle, a rounded top to the valve with means for making it steam tight, a shaft to which the rocking valve is secured, a cam secured to -the mam shaft, a pivote/d lever operated by the cam, a slotted'eye upon the up er endof the lever, a main steam valve c iest, a valve therein controlling ladmission and exhaust of steam, .a shaft upon which said valve is secured, an eccentric secured to themain shaft, an eccentric rod, and

'the operating and reversing means comprisf .ing a slotted quadrant secured upon the valve shaft, a jaw upon the end of the veccentric rod, a pin passing't-hrough the jaw and f `I i 5 through the slot of the quadrant', teeth uponl iio each end of the quadrant, a handle having a slotted head, sli'dable u on the uadrant, and.

a spring catch upon t ie hand e adapted to"` i engage the teeth of the quadrant, substan- In` testimony whereof he ailixes his signature in preseue of two Witnesses. JOHN- EDWARD' FREND. lVitnesses: A

WAI/ran Sionon'i, WILLIAM Nicwroiv.. 

